Bylaws of the Newark Community Cooperative, Inc.

Bylaws of the Newark Community Cooperative, Inc.

As revised October 2012

ARTICLE I - ORGANIZATION

Section 1.1 Identity

Newark Community Cooperative, Inc., is a not-for-profit organization incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware, with its principal office in the City of Newark, County of New Castle, State of Delaware. Its registered office in the State of Delaware is located at Suite 105, 280 East Main Street in the City of Newark, County of New Castle. The Cooperative shall be its own registered agent at said address. The Cooperative may also have offices at such other places both within and without the State of Delaware as the Board of Stewards may from time to time determine or the business of the Cooperative may require.

Section 1.2 Purpose

The objects of the Cooperative are to be a social service organization; to set up and operate facilities for the benefit of consumer members; to provide goods and services whose production and distribution are based on sound ecological and cooperative principals; to associate with other cooperative societies for mutual and cooperative development; to advance the cooperative movement; and to service members within the scope of the Articles of Incorporation and to the fullest extent permitted by statute.

Section 1.3 Principles

The Cooperative shall be operated in accordance with the principles of open membership and democratic control.

Section 1.4 Education

The Board of Stewards shall see that a program of education, public relations, organization, and promotion is carried on continuously by the Cooperative, and shall make available funds for this purpose.

ARTICLE II – REQUIREMENTS OF MEMBERSHIP

Section 2.1 Eligibility

Any person who believes in the principles of International Consumers Cooperatives and whose activities are not contrary thereto may become a member.

Section 2.2 Application and Limitation on Membership

Application for membership shall be made in writing on a form provided for that purpose. The person who signed the membership application shall be the owner of the membership. Every new member shall be provided with a copy of the By-Laws. No single individual may own more than one membership

Section 2.3 Member in Good Standing

A member or membership in good standing has paid-in-full their membership fee or is current in their equity share payment and has no outstanding debt to the Cooperative.

Section 2.4 Rights and Responsibilities of Membership

A. Each membership in good standing is entitled to one vote for any item brought before the General Membership.
B. Transfer of Memberships - Upon surrender to the Cooperative or the transfer agent of the Cooperative, a membership accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the Cooperative to issue a new membership to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old membership and record the transaction upon its books.
C. It is the member’s responsibility to provide the Cooperative a current name and mailing address.
D. All members in good standing shall be eligible for all benefits established by the Board of Stewards.
E. The Cooperative shall have the option, upon notice to a member’s last known address, to apply any and all subscription payments or other sums due to the member toward unpaid service charges or other debts owed by the member to the Cooperative.

Section 2.5 Death of Members

For a period of six (6) months after notice of the death of an owner of a membership, the Cooperative shall, upon written request, purchase at subscription price or book value, whichever is less, the membership of the deceased member of the Cooperative.

Section 2.6 Inactive Memberships

When the whereabouts of a member has been unknown for a period of two (2) years, upon notice to a member’s last known address, that membership will be considered inactive and removed from mailing lists including those for the purpose of General or Special Membership Meeting notifications.

Section 2.7 Expulsion of Members

Any member found to be engaged in “activity contrary to or endangers the effective operation of the Cooperative” may be expelled by a two thirds (2/3) vote of the Board of Stewards after receiving written notice and after reasonable opportunity for a hearing. Upon expulsion, a member’s shares shall be repurchased by the Cooperative at the subscription price or book value, whichever is less. An expelled member shall have the right to appeal to the next membership meeting at which they shall be given an opportunity to be heard in their own defense, whether in person or by counsel.

Section 2.8 Voluntary Resignation

Members may resign at any time by submitting a written and signed resignation. Refund of the subscribed amount will be made at book value or par, whichever is less, within six (6) months. Upon cancellation due to resignation, all debts owed the Cooperative, as of the date of resignation, will be deducted from the refund.

Section 2.9 Societies, Organizations And Businesses

Any society, organization or business not in opposition to the purposes of this Cooperative may, as established by the Board of Stewards, be granted special terms of membership.

Section 2.10

The pricing policy of the Cooperative shall be set by the Board of Stewards. Pricing differentials for working members, non-working members, and non-members may be based upon a discount, a rebate, or a surcharge. 

ARTICLE III - CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS

 Section 3.1

      The application shall be accompanied by a first payment of at least $10.00 toward the physical plant fund. The balance of the physical plant fund shall be payable at the rate of $10.00 during each succeeding calendar quarter after acceptance into membership, until $50.00 has been paid into the physical plant fund. After a member has paid $50.00 into the physical plant fund, the member shall invest an additional $50.00 in membership subscription. The subscription fund payments shall be payable at a rate of $10.00 each succeeding calendar quarter after the schedule of physical plant fund payments has been met.

      The first $10.00 will be due within the current quarter; the remaining $40.00 shall be payable at a rate of $10.00 each succeeding calendar quarter. This physical plant fund is to be used for the procurement and improvement of the Co-op's physical facilities, and associated expenses. The general operating account may borrow up to a total of $20,000.00 (twenty thousand dollars) from the physical plant fund during periods of financial difficulty. The general operating account must repay, without interest, all money borrowed from the physical plant fund immediately following a period of financial difficulty, according to a schedule agreed upon with the treasurer. The Board of Stewards shall certify by written resolution, by unanimous consent if possible or simple majority vote, the beginning and end of a "period of financial difficulty", and its reason(s) for declaring such status. The Board of Stewards must approve all expenditures of physical plant fund monies and all transfers of physical plant fund assets.

As of 01 May 1985 shares paid into the physical plant fund shall not be refunded to departing or terminated memberships. Also, as of 01 May 1985, the Treasurer, or such other persons that keep the Co-op's books and accounts, shall not include physical plant fund monies (payments and interest), nor the value of equity or assets purchased with physical plant fund monies, in the computation of the refund value of subscription shares.

ARTICLE IV - DISTRIBUTION OF SURPLUS

Section 4.1

Any surplus from operations shall be returned to the members of the Cooperative through dividends, higher discounts, or lower markups in the future, or reinvestment in the business, after a reserve of three (3) months' operating expenses has been established.

ARTICLE V MEETINGS OF MEMBERS

Section 5.1

The Annual General Membership Meeting shall be held in October or November. Notice stating the time, place, and principal items of business of such meetings shall be made available to the membership at least ten (10) days but no more than sixty (60) days prior to the date of such meeting. Other General Membership Meetings may be called by the Board of Stewards. Upon written request of five (5) percent of the membership or 35 members in good standing, the Secretary of the Board of Stewards shall call a General Membership Meeting.
All meetings of the membership shall be conducted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. The meetings shall be conducted in accordance to Robert's Rules of Order (Revised), except that a meeting may be run by consensus and facilitated with a timed agenda if the Board of Stewards so decides at the prior Store Meeting.

Section 5.2

A quorum shall consist of five (5) percent of the membership or thirty-five (35) members whichever is less. All members in good standing shall have voting rights.

Section 5.3

A membership shall be entitled to vote when the membership has paid at least one $10.00 payment toward their entire membership subscription. No member shall be entitled to vote or to hold office in the Cooperative who is in arrears on subscription or physical plant fund payments. Each membership shall be entitled to only one vote.

Section 5.4

Proxy voting shall not be permitted.

Section 5.5

Where memberships are held jointly, the holders shall vote as one member.

Section 5.6

Members shall have the right to select the Board of Stewards as set forth below. Members shall have the right to remove any member of the Board of Stewards at a General Membership Meeting called with proper notice.

Section 5.7 Expenditure Authority

The membership shall have the power to review actions of the Board of Stewards, and shall have the final authority as to individual capital expenditures by the Cooperative in excess of twenty five thousand dollars ($25,000.00), or in the purchase of real estate.

Section 5.8

No more than one person from any given membership may be elected.

ARTICLE VI - BOARD OF STEWARDS

Section 6.1

The Board of Stewards shall consist of a minimum of four, up to a maximum of nine, members. Members of the Cooperative shall be elected to the Board of Stewards at the Annual General Membership Meeting for a term of three (3) years to take office at the first Store Meeting following that Annual General Membership Meeting. The Board of Stewards will comprise the voting members who have administrative powers for the Cooperative. Except, that staff members who are members of the Board of Stewards,  shall not vote on specific pay, promotions, grievances, evaluations, disciplines, and dismissals of themselves or their co-workers; however, this does not preclude their voting on personnel policies such as pay scales, hiring, formal grievances, discipline, dismissal and policies regarding benefits.

Section 6.2

All officers and Stewards of the Cooperative shall be members of the Cooperative in good standing.

Section 6.3

The full nine (9) member Board of Stewards' terms shall be staggered such that at every Annual General Membership Meeting, three (3) Stewards shall be elected for three (3) year terms. All elections of members of the Board of Stewards shall be by secret written ballot. The nominees for election as steward receiving the highest number of votes shall be elected.

Section 6.4

Mid-term vacancies on the Board of Stewards shall be filled by majority votes of the Board of Stewards as a temporary expedient only when necessary to ensure the quorum needed to conduct business. Notice of a vacancy on the Board of Stewards shall be posted in the store by the Secretary within two working days of receiving confirmation of the resignation or occurrence of the vacancy. Such notice shall also be prominently displayed in the monthly newsletter, or in a special flier available at the registers. The membership shall elect its choice of a replacement Steward at the first General Membership Meeting scheduled to be held at least thirty (30) days, but not more than forty-five (45) days, after the posting of the vacancy. If no such General Membership Meeting is scheduled, the membership shall elect its choice of a replacement Steward at the first Store Meeting occurring thirty (30) or more days after the posting of the vacancy. All members in good standing may vote in person at this meeting.

A replacement Steward is elected to the remainder of the vacating Steward's term.

ARTICLE VII - MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF STEWARDS

Section 7.1

The Board of Stewards shall meet at least monthly. Scheduled open meetings of the Board of Stewards shall be known as Store Meetings. A majority of the Stewards shall constitute a quorum.

Section 7.2

The administration of the Cooperative shall be vested in the Board of Stewards. The Board of Stewards shall have power:

·         To purchase or otherwise acquire property, rights, or privileges for the Cooperative, which the Cooperative has the power to take at such price and on such terms as the Board of Stewards may deem proper, subject to the limitation of Article V, Section 7;

·         To pay for such property, rights, or privileges in whole or in part with money or notes of the Cooperative;

·         To appoint agents, clerks, assistants, and employees, and to dismiss them in accordance with the Personnel Policy;

·         To fix their duties, salaries, and fees, and to change them from time to time, and to require security as the Board of Stewards may deem proper in accordance with the Personnel Policy;

·         To confer on any officer of the Cooperative the power of selecting, discharging, or suspending such employees, and of determining the principles for selection of such employees in accordance with the Personnel Policy;

·         To determine by whom and in what manner the Cooperative's bills, notes, receipts, endorsements, checks, releases, contacts or other documents shall be signed, except as otherwise provided by these ByLaws:

·         To delegate any of its powers to any committee, officer, agent, or employee, and to grant the power to delegate.

The Board of Stewards shall have the power to decide whether or not the Cooperative will support boycotts of products it normally sells, provided that the subject is discussed at a previous Store Meeting and that balanced information is posted in the store and the vote announced at least twenty (20) days before the Store Meeting at which the vote is taken. All members in good standing who attend the Store Meeting at which the vote is taken shall be entitled to votes on the issue.

Section 7.3

A Steward may be removed for cause by a majority vote of those present at any meeting of the membership, provided the Steward has been given at least twenty (20) days' written notice stating the specific charges and has had an opportunity to answer such charges at the General Membership or Store Meeting at which the vote is taken. Voluntary resignation from office shall take effect on receipt of notice by the Secretary. Absence without leave from three (3) successive regular Store Meetings is presumed to be a voluntary resignation.

Section 7.4

Intention of running for election to the Board of Stewards shall be filed with the Board Secretary by the candidate or a nomination may be made of a person to run for the Board of Stewards by a member, with the permission of the candidate, and filed with the Secretary at least (20) twenty days prior to a General Membership Meeting or the appropriate store meeting if a Board of Stewards vacancy is being filled. The statement of intention to run or nomination filed with the Secretary shall be accompanied by a written statement of no more than one page that outlines the person's qualifications for the Board of Stewards. The Secretary shall notify the members of all nominations fifteen (15) days prior to a General Membership Meeting or Store Meeting by posting the names of the nominees and the statements submitted concerning their qualifications at the regular places of business of the Cooperative. Nominations may be made from the floor of the General Membership or Store Meeting by two members or five (5) percent of the membership present at the meeting, whichever is greater.

Section 7.5

All formal meetings of the Board of Stewards shall be open to the general membership. The Board of Stewards may meet to conduct private executive sessions for the purposes of acting in an emergency such as the absence of the Manager(s) or for the purposes of personnel interviews and other personnel activities as specified in the personnel policy. A quorum of an executive session shall be a majority of those members allowed to vote at that executive session, Elected staff members of the Board of Stewards shall not participate in the voting if it is a personnel problem that involves them personally or is considered a conflict of interest by the majority of the Board of Stewards, When the Board of Stewards is required to review a specific individual staff member's personnel request or complaint, then the Staff shall not attend that executive session unless invited. Any decision made in an executive session shall be reflected in the minutes of the next formal meeting.

Section 7.6

For emergency issues that come up between regularly scheduled Board of Stewards meetings, the Board of Stewards may conduct business as needed and vote on issues via phone or email provided that an attempt shall be made to contact every member of the Board of Stewards. A quorum of members of the Board of Stewards shall be reached for explanation and discussion. Of those reached, the vote shall be unanimous and the information shall be reflected in the minutes of the next regularly scheduled Board of Stewards meeting. When possible 24-hour notice shall be given to members of the Board of Stewards prior to the meeting.

ARTICLE VIII - OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD OF STEWARDS

Section 8.1

As soon as possible after the annual election, the Board of Stewards may meet and elect from their number a President and Vice President; it shall also elect a Secretary and a Treasurer, who need not be members of the Board of Stewards. Staff members who are members of the Board of Stewards are not eligible for the offices of President, Vice President, Treasurer or Secretary. The officers shall hold office for one year or until successors are elected and qualified. The Board of Stewards shall designate such standing committees as it deems necessary; all appointments of committee personnel are subject to confirmation by the Board of Stewards.

Section 8.2

The President shall be the chief executive officer of the Cooperative; shall preside at all meetings of the membership and of the Board of Stewards; and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Stewards are carried into effect.

Section 8.3

The Vice President shall act in the absence of the President, or in the event of the President's inability or refusal to act as determined by two-thirds (2/3) of the Board of Stewards, and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President. The Vice President shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Stewards may from time to time prescribe.

Section 8.4

The Board Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of Stewards and all meetings of the membership and record all proceedings of the meetings in a book kept for that purpose. The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the membership and of the Board of Stewards. The Secretary shall have custody of the corporate seal and shall have the authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and to attest to the signature of the President. The Secretary shall be the keeper of these Bylaws, and shall have custody of the master copy; shall, whenever these Bylaws are amended, promptly update the master and provide the staff with a clean copy for reproduction and distribution; shall, upon request, provide any member with a single copy; shall maintain at least one backup copy outside the Store, for safekeeping; and shall, when leaving office, be personally responsible for passing the master copy to the incoming Secretary.

Section 8.5

The Treasurer, acting as an agent of the Board of Stewards, shall see to the proper keeping of the Cooperative's funds and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Cooperative, and shall see that all monies and other valuable effects be deposited in the name and to the credit of the Cooperative in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Stewards.

Section 8.6 Register Of The Membership

The Board Secretary or designee will make available the current register of the membership and a complete list of the members entitled to vote at the meeting at any General Membership Meeting arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each member or as requested by the board of stewards for the purpose of notification to members.  Such lists shall be open to the examination of any member, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting, either at the place where the meeting is to be held, or at the regular office of the Cooperative. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time, and may be inspected by any member who is present.

ARTICLE IX - FISCAL CONTROL

Section 9.1

The fiscal year shall end on June 30, or on such other date as shall be fixed by resolution of the Board of Stewards.

Section 9.2.A Books And Records

The books and records of the Cooperative shall be kept by such persons as the Board of Stewards shall designate. Any member may inspect the books for a purpose related to the member’s interest as an owner of the Cooperative during normal business hours after providing the Board Secretary and Co-op Bookkeeper at least ten (10) days written notice. Such inspection shall consist of the Profit and Loss Statement and Balance Sheet. A more detailed or more specific request must be submitted in writing to the Board Secretary and may need more time to prepare. Funds of the Cooperative shall be received and handled only by such persons as the Board of Stewards designates and shall be deposited in such place or places as the Board of Stewards designates. The funds, books and records of the Cooperative shall be kept according to generally accepted accounting principles.

Section 9.2.B

An annual report of the Cooperative's operations shall be mandatory at the Annual General Membership Meeting. The annual report shall contain a statement of assets and liabilities, a statement of income and expenses, detailed reports of the physical plant fund, membership rolls and payments, and such other statements as the Board of Stewards shall require. These reports should be handed out or posted so they can be seen and read during the meeting. The Treasurer or such other person or persons designated by the Board of Stewards, shall coordinate and give the financial report. The latest financial report prepared by a Certified Public Accountant shall also be available at the meeting and at the principal office for inspection.

Section 9.3 Signatories

All checks or other payments by the corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such person or persons as the Board of Stewards may from time to time designate.
Restricted Accounts – President, Treasurer, and General Manager
Operational Accounts – Treasurer, General Manager, Asst. Manager and two other staff members as designated by the General Manager.
When a member of the Board of Steward’s term of office has ended or a General Manager or other Manager has resigned or is terminated, their signatory right is automatically null and void.

Section 9.4  Contractual Authority

All promissory notes, bonds, mortgages, leases, and contracts designated by the Board of Stewards together with other papers designated by the Board of Stewards, shall be executed by the President, Treasurer and General Manager, attested and sealed by the Secretary, pursuant to appropriate resolution by the Board of Stewards.

Section 9.5

The Board of Stewards shall contract with a Certified Public Accountant to review the books of the Cooperative on an annual basis and to perform other services as needed.

Section 9.6

The staff shall take and supervise the taking of a merchandise inventory at least once every twelve (12) months.

Section 9.7

No Steward shall participate to a material degree in the profits of any contract made with the Cooperative, or compete in business with the Cooperative to a material degree except with the detailed written approval of a majority of the Board of Stewards.

Section 9.8

At no time shall there be more than three (3) elected staff persons on the Board of Stewards. Managers who report directly to the Board of Stewards shall not be permitted to serve on the Board of Stewards.

ARTICLE X - AMENDMENT

Section 10.1

These By-Laws may be amended by a two-thirds (2/3) vote of the members present or voting at any General Membership Meeting of the Cooperative, provided a copy of the proposed changes has been posted at the main office and filed with the Board Secretary at least twenty (20) days prior to such meeting. Any amendment proposed in the above manner may be amended on the floor of the meeting.

ARTICLE XI - DISSOLUTION

Section 11.1

In the event of dissolution of the Cooperative, any surplus over and above the Cooperative's debts and expenses, paid-in subscription value of the membership's certificates, and physical plant payments, all without interest or dividends thereon, shall be distributed equally among those who are shareholders at the time of dissolution.